Chemical Bonding
Explore how atoms connect to form molecules and compounds through Lewis diagrams, bond types, properties, and electronegativity. Essential foundation for Grade 10 CAPS Chemistry.
Covalent (H₂)
Ionic (NaCl)
Polar (H₂O)
Lewis Dot Diagrams
Visualize valence electrons and how atoms bond. Learn to draw atomic diagrams and represent covalent and ionic bonds.
Three Main Types of Bonding
Explore covalent, ionic, and metallic bonding - how atoms share, transfer, or delocalize electrons.
Properties of Compounds
How bond type affects melting points, conductivity, solubility, and malleability of substances.
Electronegativity
The "measuring stick" for predicting bond types. Learn periodic trends and how to calculate ΔEN.
How to Use This Section
Start with Lewis Dot Diagrams to understand valence electrons and basic bonding representation. Then explore the Three Main Types of Bonding to see how atoms interact. Study Properties of Compounds to connect bonding with real-world behavior, and finally master Electronegativity to predict bond types quantitatively. Each topic includes interactive games, quick checks, and quizzes to reinforce your understanding. All pages are mobile-friendly and work on all devices.
Study Tip
Practice drawing Lewis diagrams for common molecules (H₂O, CO₂, CH₄) until you can do them without looking at examples.
Exam Focus
Memorize the three bond types and their properties. Be able to predict bond type from electronegativity differences (ΔEN).
Practice
Use the interactive bond predictor in the Electronegativity section to test yourself on different element combinations.
